Dental crowns: what they are and when they're needed
A crown is one of the most common restorations in dentistry — and one of the most misunderstood. This guide explains what a crown actually does, when it's the right choice, what the process involves, and what to expect on cost.
Important
This guide is for general information only. Whether a crown is the right treatment for your specific tooth can only be determined by a dentist following clinical examination and X-rays.
What is a dental crown?
A crown is a custom-made cap that fits over and completely covers a damaged or weakened tooth, restoring its shape, size, strength, and appearance. It's permanently cemented in place and functions exactly like a natural tooth.
Unlike a filling — which fills a cavity within the tooth — a crown encases the whole visible portion of the tooth above the gumline. This makes it the appropriate choice when there isn't enough healthy tooth structure left to support a filling reliably.
When is a crown typically needed?
Crowns are recommended in a range of situations — but the common thread is that the tooth has been weakened to the point where a filling alone would be insufficient or unreliable.
Large or failing fillings
When a filling occupies most of the tooth, the remaining walls are fragile and prone to fracture. A crown holds everything together.
Cracked or fractured teeth
A crack can extend with biting forces, potentially splitting the tooth. A crown binds the tooth and prevents the crack from worsening.
After root canal treatment
Root-treated teeth become more brittle over time. Crowning protects them from fracture — particularly important for back teeth under chewing load.
Severely worn teeth
Significant tooth wear from grinding (bruxism) or acid erosion may require crowns to restore the height and function of teeth.
Broken cusps
When a large piece of tooth has broken off, a filling may not provide adequate support. A crown restores full coverage.
Types of crown
Full ceramic / all-ceramic
The most aesthetic option. Made entirely from tooth-coloured ceramic or porcelain. Indistinguishable from natural teeth. Best suited to front teeth or patients who prioritise appearance.
Zirconia
Extremely strong and tooth-coloured. Combines the aesthetics of ceramic with significantly greater durability. Now the most commonly recommended material for back teeth.
Porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM)
A tooth-coloured porcelain layer over a metal substructure. Strong and established, but a dark line can appear at the gumline over time as gums recede slightly. Less commonly used since the development of full zirconia.
Gold alloy
The original crown material. Extremely durable, kind to opposing teeth, and requires minimal tooth removal. Some patients prefer it for back teeth where it won't be seen.
What does the process involve?
A crown typically requires two appointments, spaced one to two weeks apart.
01
Preparation appointment
The tooth is shaped under local anaesthetic to create space for the crown. An impression (or digital scan) is taken and sent to a dental laboratory. A temporary crown is fitted to protect the tooth in the meantime.
02
Fitting appointment
The permanent crown is checked for fit, shade, and bite. Once confirmed, it's permanently cemented in place. The appointment is usually straightforward and painless.
How long do crowns last?
With good oral hygiene and regular check-ups, crowns typically last 10–20 years — and often longer. The most common reasons for replacement are:
• The tooth underneath develops decay at the margin (join between crown and tooth) • The gumline recedes, exposing the margin of the crown • The crown chips, fractures, or wears — particularly in patients who grind • The underlying tooth requires further treatment (e.g. root canal)
What do crowns cost?
Indicative costs at Park Dental Care:
Zirconia crown: £900–£1,200 Full ceramic crown: £850–£1,100 Porcelain-fused-to-metal: £750–£950 Gold alloy: £900–£1,300
Costs are indicative ranges. Final cost confirmed following examination.
Questions to ask at your consultation
Why is a crown recommended rather than a filling, onlay, or other option?
Understanding why a crown is the best option helps you make an informed decision.
Which material do you recommend for this tooth, and why?
Different materials suit different positions and clinical situations.
What is the condition of the tooth underneath — is root treatment likely to be needed?
Knowing whether further treatment may be required helps with planning.
How much natural tooth structure will need to be removed?
More removal means more commitment — good to understand upfront.
What is the full cost, including any preparatory treatment?
Ensure you have a complete picture before committing.
Is 0% finance available?
Finance options can make treatment more accessible.